ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the antidiarrheal effects of Mongolian medicine, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Forsythia suspensa and Cynanchum thesioides on diarrhea model rats and investigate its effects on serum DAO (diamine oxidase), cAMP (cyclic adenosine phosphate), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), ATPase and calcium ions. Methods: The normal control group, model group, H. antidysenterica low-dose and high-dose groups, F. suspensa low dose and high-dose groups, C. thesioides low dose and high dose groups were set. Except the normal control group, the other groups were ig administrated water decoction of Cassia angustifolia to establish diarrhea model; After the success of the model, the rats in treatment groups were administrated by gastric drug for 7 d, the type mental state, diarrhea and body weight changes were observed. the abdominal aortic blood was obtained at the last day of fasting 12 h after the administration. DAO, cAMP, TNF-α, ATP enzyme, OD value of the calcium ions in serum were determined by using ELISA (enzyme-linked immune detection reagent) kits. Results: General status: except for the normal group, the mental state of the rats in the other groups was depressed after modeling, the fur color of them was significantly decreased and the body weight was decreased. The diarrhea rate was 100% on the 4th day after modeling. Compared with the model group, there were significant differences in the number of loose stools, grade of loose stools and diarrhea index (P < 0.05, 0.01) in each administration group. The serum DAO, TNF-α, ATPase, cAMP and calcium ion OD values were compared: the serum concentrations of DAO in H. antidysenterica low dose group, C. thesioides low dose group and F. suspensa high and low dose groups of rats were significantly lower than model group with significant differences (P < 0.05), and were significantly higher than normal group. The serum concentration of TNF-α in C. thesioides high and low dose groups were lower compared with model group (P < 0.05). The serum ATPase in C. thesioides high and low dose groups had significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with model group. The serum concentration of cAMP in H. antidysenterica high-dose group and F. suspensa low-dose group was significantly lower compared with model group with significant differences (P < 0.05). Serum Ca2+ concentration in the drug administration groups was significantly different from that in the model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The antidiarrheal effect of C. thesioides is better than that of H. antidysenterica and F. suspensa.
ABSTRACT
This study is aimed to provide the source for clinical medication by clarifing the common base of Mongolia medicinal materials "Du Ge Mo Nong". In this paper literature research and plant taxonomy method were adopted combined with investigation of the markets and clinical use status to clarify the origin of common traditional Mongolian medicine "Du Ge Mo Nong". The results showed that the Mongolian medicine "Du Ge Mo Nong" and Tibetan medicine "Du Mu Niu" were the same crude drug and originated from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenteriaca of family Apocynaceae in earliest time. In Mongolian medicine clinic, the seed of Cynanchum thesioides of family Asclepiadaceae and the fruit of Forsythia suspense of family Oleaceae was used respectively about 18 century and recent time, as the substitutes of H. antidysenteriaca. In present standards on Mongolian material medicine, C. thesioides is including only, and H. antidysenterica is not used almost. In Tibetan medicine clinic, H. antidysenterica is being used so far. But there are various substitutes including the seeds, fruits or grass of many species classified to family Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Onagraceae from ancient time to the present, and C. forrestii and C. komarovii may be used at present. It's necessary to strengthen the arrangement on Mongolian medicine's varieties by the multidisciplinary methods including literature research, investigation of resources and the use state, and comparison of active substances and biological activities between the different substitutes,and so on.
ABSTRACT
In vitro cytotoxic potential of extracts (95% and 50% ethanolic extract and hot water extract at concentration of 100 µg/ml) from leaves of Holarrhena antidysenterica was evaluated against fourteen human cancer cell lines — A-549, COLO-205, DU-145, HeLa, HEP-2, IMR-32, KB, MCF-7, NCI-H23, OVCAR-5, SiHa, SK-N-MC, SW-620 and ZR-75-1 from nine different tissues (breast, colon, cervix, CNS, lung, liver, oral, ovary and prostate) using SRB assay. The 95% ethanolic extract displayed maximum anti-proliferative effect in the range of 73-92% against eight human cancer cell lines, while 50% ethanolic extract showed cytotoxic activity in the range of 70-94% against seven human cancer cell lines. However, the hot water extract did not show any activity. Among the fractions of 95% and 50% ethanolic extract, significant cytotoxic activity was found in the chloroform soluble fraction of 95% ethanolic extract at 100 µg/ml; it inhibited the growth in the range of 71-99% of seven human cancer cell lines from five different tissues viz., OVCAR-5 (ovary), HT-29 (colon), SK-N-MC (neuroblastoma), HEP-2 (liver), COLO-205 (colon), NIH-OVCAR-3 (ovary) and A-549 (lung). The cytotoxic activity of chloroform soluble fraction was found to be higher than 5-flurouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin-c and paclitaxel (anticancer drugs used as positive controls). Further in vivo studies and identification of active components from the chloroform fraction and their exact mechanism of action could be useful in designing new anticancer therapeutic agents.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Holarrhena/chemistry , Humans , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistryABSTRACT
The study on Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall was carried out in Chi Linh (Hai Duong province) in September 2004. Leaves of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall were collected, dried, grilled to powder, then extracted and isolated flavonoid. Two flavonoids were isolated, on the base of m.p, UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT analyses, they were identified as Kaempferol and Quercetin. This is the first time the flavonoids were reported as a substance isolated from Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall in Vietnam